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In the preceding studies, the open innovation appeared to have positive affects in
the perspective of LSE. However, in SME there are only few studies about effects
of open innovation. So this study has started from the logic of open innovation to
verify whether the R&D collaboration positively affects SMEs’ performance. In
general, to make technology innovation successful, not only the R&D of the
company itself, but also R&D collaboration with other external research institutions
(university) or firms is essential in this era. Based on a survey to Korean SMEs,
this paper empirically explores the relationships between R&D collaboration and the
firm’s performance. The R&D collaboration is measured by the degree of R&D
collaboration interaction and the increase of stronghold institutions. The performance
of the firms is examined by technological performance, economic performances. This
empirical analysis has led to the result that mostly R&D collaboration and the firm’s
performance have a positive relationship. That is, the open innovation appeared to
give positive affects to the SMEs. Also, this study suggests an improvement on the
performance of the firm in the manager’s viewpoint.

This study suggests long-term policy directions of credit insurance for SMEs and major improvements, through a international comparative research on domestic trade credit insurance for SMEs. To overview the trade credit insurance for Korean SMEs, the occurrence and payment rates of accounts receivable are mainly analyzed. And the research has been conducted by the two categories of quantitative and qualitative diagnosis. In this report, for the quantitative diagnosis and comparative analysis, domestic and foreign penetration rates for SMEs, values compared to non-life insurance market and the percentage of GDP are discussed. Furthermore, for the qualitative diagnosis and comparative analysis, figures on the insurance loss ratio, accounts receivable turnover, recognition and SMEs' accessibility to trade credit insurance are discussed.
According to this study, the domestic trade credit insurance for SMEs is expected to exceed the sub-national level of European penetration rate in the next 10 years and reach the median-level after 30 years. Also, this study suggests that it is necessary to raise awareness about the trade credit insurance as well as its applicability and reduce insurance loss ratio in order to achieve such quantitative scenario. For this, 17 detailed policy issues are provided.

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Globalisation is clear, present and incontestable. Not only technological development in
information, communication and transportation made it real, but also all the human and social
activities and productive forces are associated, connected and unseparatable in an unprecedented
scale and depth on the globe. Though it does not guarantee pre established harmony, but incurs
many gaps, conflicts and troubles, no way exists to escape from the ongoing reality. Then, what
will happen to SMEs and those who are involved in their nitty-gritty or daily practices? And what
should academic researchers do?
I would like to discuss these challenging but uncontrollable issues only from the viewpoint of the
historical development of SMEs, studies on them and policies for them. The reason is they can
typically illustrate a drastic change of views and thinking in 6 decades under the progress of
globalisation. They also suggest business alliances and academic cooperation in the global
community are inevitable and necessary.
Here 3 meanings of globalisation will be used to interpret the ongoing changes and developments.
One is global thinking and sharing common ideas in the globalised context; which mainly
involves academic theories and philosophies, policy developments and business practices.
Next is about global development of business activities and conducts, and accompanying problems
as well, which is inevitable but reveal constraints and barriers.
The third is about the formation of global community, focusing on academic cooperation and
socio-economic commons for all the global citizens and economic activities, and regional
integration and unification will be its decisive step.
18

With the development and implementation of the New Economic Policy launched recently, guided free enterprises in the development of the Malaysia economy has been emphasized. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is central to the economic growth with entrepreneurship and innovation embedded within its ecosystem. With the present lacking of vibrancy among the local SMEs namely in technological advancement, manpower requirement, financial reporting and network and marketing, resources at the universities need to be deployed systematically to reach the mass SMEs in the most efficient and effective ways. The presence of Entrepreneurships and Innovation Center established at all universities and the advanced telecommunication system engaged offer a conducive and stable platform to reach out to the SMEs throughout the country including the budding micro small business. Certified programs at the universities directed toward SMEs development could be offered to enrich the skills of SME CEOs and which augurs with the challenges at the global markets. Through structured and non structured organizations and improved governance within the system, the universities could play a leading roles in transferring advance knowledge and competitive skills to SMEs owners to face the challenging markets at local and global levels. Manpower resources at the universities; academician and students could be exposed to the reality of businesses and experiences in engagement to issues in the development of SMEs that will offer an improved training ground and experimentation in search for effective solutions for the SMEs. Entrepreneurship Centers at university could easily engaged groups of experts with pools of multi disciplines professionals to assist the SMEs. The networking and relationship developed could offer a more open accessibility for SMEs to the center of excellence with stored knowledge to be released to them as needed. Presently this area is much to be desired. This organizational options with aims to enrich the SMEs offer a new paradigm shifts to universities and SMEs to inculcate new virtues and goals in their operations; in order to be prepared to the challenging global market that is uncertain and chaotic to the our naive local SMEs entrepreneurs. 15

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Recently Korean government and industries together have tried to nurture the win-win growth
between large companies and SMEs. This initiative has helped large companies improve their
value chain performance by enhancing the capability of SMEs in production, R&D, and human
resource management. In particular, public corporations including power companies have put
considerable efforts in developing comprehensive programs to support SMEs and boost up the
win-win strategy. However, the win-win strategies and practices developed so far have focused on
supporting SMEs at large company costs rather than actually improving the performance of large
companies. This approach caused tension among large companies, SMEs, and government
agencies. In this research project, driven from the practice of Korea West Power corp., we propose
a framework to develop better win-win strategy which leads to better performance for both large
companies and SMEs, focusing on share value. In this framework, we identify five areas (redefine
market and product, innovate the way of using resources, innovate energy delivery process, build
local infrastructure, and rebuild local collaboration structure) to create shared value. We also
provide examples for win-win policy programs. This research project is expected to provide the
structure for effective win-win programs and theoretical ground to improve the productivity for
the win-win effort.
Keywords: Win-win

In pursuit of a higher standard of living, various countries have moved from one model of
economic development to another and in the process aimed to align themselves closer to the
realities of the dynamic global and local environment. With a changing business landscape,
this is imperative for all nations and perhaps especially more so for a small city-state as
Singapore that has no significant natural resources except perhaps its location and people.
Such transformations cannot succeed without key institutions, including universities, playing
their respective contributory roles. This presentation looks at the importance of
entrepreneurship for national development; how entrepreneurship education contributes to
this effort and how it is implemented at the Nanyang Technological University (NTU).

Today, company's CSR has been recognized as important as economic activity (pursuit of profit).
This CSR contributes to establish the favorable company image and reputation to the interested parties
and public. It is also proved that it is relevant to business performance. Accordingly, several LEs
in Korea have organized CSR team to focus on CSR.
This study, as a case study, discusses the results (business performance, job creation, etc.) for
"Citi-KOSBI Women's Entrepreneurship Program (WEA)" cooperated with KOSBI, which is one of
CSRs jointly promoted by Citibank Korea and Citi Foundation. Since this program has been continued
for 6 years, women CEOs from WEA have made a positive evaluation on Citi's CSR as drawing successful
business performance.