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The Effect of Partner Type and Technological Intensity on Innovation in SMEs
  • - Dronova Ekaterina (Hanyang University)
  • - Byung-Jin Park (Hanyang University)
[Abstract]
The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of the partner types (supplier, customer, competitor, research institution, more than one partner type) for SMEs on radical and incremental innovation. Another purpose was to examine how the relation varies according to the technological intensity of an industry to which the focal firm belongs. To test the hypotheses, we used the ¡®KIS(Korean Innovation Survey) 2014¡¯ data and the empirical analysis was done with the effective survey from 3,846 Korean SMEs. We employed STATA 14 for validity, confirmatory factor analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis. The results revealed that, when viewed the entire manufacturing SMEs, cooperation with suppliers, customers and research institutes has all been shown to have a positive effect on the radical and gradual innovations of SMEs. However, The relationship between partner type and radical innovation has been significantly different depending on the technical intensity of the industry. When cooperating with suppliers, the impact on radical innovation of SMEs was significant only in low-tech and medium-low tech industries. In contrast, when working with customers, the impact on the radical innovation of SMEs was significant only in the high-tech, medium-high tech, and medium-low tech industries, except for low tech industries. Meanwhile, although cooperation with competitors has a positive effect on radical innovation, this has been only significant in the medium-high tech industries.
The Effect of Person-Environment Fit on Task Performance and Turnover Intention, and the Mediating Effect of Work Motivation in SMEs
  • - Juyong Lee (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
  • - Seog-Kyeun Kwun (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
[Abstract]
This study investigates the effects of three types of person-environment fit, i.e. POF, PJF(ability) and PJF(needs), on effectiveness variables and the mediating effect of work motivation in SMEs. The data were collected from 211 employees who work for SMEs. Results of structural equation modeling(SEM) analyses demonstrated that PJF(ability) was significantly associated with task performance and turnover intention, while POF and PJF(needs) were significantly associated with turnover intention only. PJF(needs) and PJF(ability) have the positive impact on intrinsic motivation, PJF(ability) also has the positive impact on external and identified motivation. We also analysed mediating effects using Process macro. Results demonstrated that intrinsic motivation mediated the relationship between POF, PJF(needs), PJF(ability) and task performance. The relationship between PJF(ability) and task performance was mediated by external motivation. Based on the results, theoretical and practical implications are derived. Also suggested are methodological limitations and future research directions.
A Study on the Effect of Government Support System and Obstacles to Innovation on R&D investment and Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Companies : Based on CDM Model
  • - Yun-Ha Lee (Konkuk University)
  • - Jae-Min Park (Konkuk University)
[Abstract]
Market instability offers opportunities as well as the need for careful innovation strategies and learning for a company's survival. Companies that find new opportunities decide to carry out innovation and decide on the size of their investments by considering their position in the market they are aiming for and the intensity of competition. This study was conducted to check whether obstacles to innovation face by SMEs in the manufacturing sector vary depending on the stage of corporate growth and to identify the impact of the government support system on the decision-making process on the performance of innovation. According to the analysis, there were differences in obstacles to innovation depending on the stage of corporate growth. It was found that more innovative SMEs are, more obstacles they face, and to overcome such obstacles, they try to access government support systems more. In addition, the use of a government support system eliminated obstacles to innovation, and the positive and significant effects of investing in innovation were identified. This study is meaningful in that it explicitly approached these hypotheses by applying a multistage model to the process of innovation carried out by SMEs in the manufacturing sector.
The Relationship between Collaboration with External Institution and New Product Sales of SMEs: The Role of Technological Innovation and Marketing Capability
  • - Sang-Won Lee (Keimyung University)
  • - Jin-Kyo Shin (Keimyung University)
  • - Kyung-Hwan Yeo (Keimyung University)
[Abstract]
The study examined the effect of collaboration with external institution on new product sales, the mediating effects of technological innovation, and the moderating effect of marketing capability. The results showed that external collaboration with external institution has a significant impact on new product sales in the R&D field of SMEs, and technological innovation plays a mediating role in the relationship between collaboration with external institution and new product sales. Also, the effect of marketing capability in the relationship between technological innovation and new product sales was also significant. Finally, the mediating effect of technological innovation between collaboration with external institution and new product sales was moderated by marketing capability.
Game Theoretical Analysis of Economic Gab-Jil
  • - Chae-Yeol Yang (Chonnam National University)
[Abstract]
The Economic Gab-Jil, where the stronger are forcing the weaker to sacrifice, is not only a serious social problem, but also it exhausts the vitality of the national economy. Especially, the issue of ¡®cost reduction (CR) of delivery price' in automobile industry, and the issue of ¡®tolls¡¯ and ¡®retaliating¡¯ in the franchise business are becoming more controversial. This paper suggests some measures to rectify the problems by an analysis using a game-theoretic model. One of the ways to change the ¡®bad equilibrium¡¯, where economic Gab-Jil is prevalent, to the ¡®good equiblium¡¯ is to strengthen the bargaining power of the weak by legal and institutional measures. It is also a more market-friendly system that is self-enforcing, where the regulation is automatically enforced by the incentives of the participants, without relying solely on the enforcement power of regulatory or supervisory bodies
Organizational Citizenship Behaviors of Low-Skilled Immigrant Workers under Employment Permit System: Integrating Cultural Adjustment and Social Support Perspectives
  • - Eunmi Chang (Yonsei School of Business)
  • - Jeong Won Lee (Yonsei School of Business)
[Abstract]
The Employment Permit System (EPS), a system of bringing in low-skilled foreign workers, has been implemented since 2004 to relieve labor shortages in SMEs. Despite the increasing number of foreign workers under this system, due to lack of research we have very limited managerial understanding. Moreover, previous studies focused on economic or legal perspectives, which calls for a different perspective of business and management. In this study, we examined how to foster organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) of low-skilled immigrant workers at the workplace by integrating two analytical frames—social support from management studies and cultural adjustment from immigrant literature. We tested our model using a sample of 661 immigrant workers from 11 countries working in Korea. Our results indicated that, social support perception triggered not only a direct effect on organizational citizenship behaviors of immigrant workers but also indirect effects via the level of cultural adaptation. Our findings indicated that two views are all meaningful in explaining OCB of immigrants, and provided practical implications to SMEs using EPS.
A Study on the Effect of Individual¡¯s Proportionate Equality Acceptance Level on the Entrepreneurial Intention via the Upward Mobility Expectation
  • - Byoung-Eul Lim (Hoseo Graduate School of Venture)
  • - Dong-Woo Yang (Hoseo Graduate School of Venture)
[Abstract]
It is very meaningful to research on how people's perception on equality and psychology on class movement can have effect on the entrepreneurial intention at the present time when the Korean Government persuades people to create new businesses and the polarization between the rich and the poor gets severe. Accordingly, in this study, an empirical analysis was conducted to find out how the proportional equality acceptance level can affect the entrepreneurial intention via the upward mobility expectation by considering the proportionate equality acceptance level as independent variable, upward mobility expectation as a medium variable and the entrepreneurial intention as a dependent variable and then the hypothesis was tested through regression analysis. The results are as follows. First, it was found that the proportional equality acceptance level over the results makes a positive (+) effect on the entrepreneurial intention and the upward mobility expectation. On the other hand, it was found that proportional equality acceptance level over opportunity does not make any significant effect on each of entrepreneurial intention and upward mobility expectation. Second, it was found that the upward mobility expectation makes the positive (+) effect on the entrepreneurial intention. Third, it was found that the proportional equality acceptance level over opportunity and equality acceptance level over the results makes a positive (+) effect on the entrepreneurial intention through upward mobility expectation as a medium, thus showing the partial effect. This study has critical implications as it is an empirical analysis for finding out how the individual's level of perceiving equality makes an effect on entrepreneurial intention and testing the upward mobility expectation's mediating effect, thus reflecting the current society's situation.
A Study on the Environmental Changes in the 4th Industrial Revolution Era and the Strategic Response Priority of SMEs
  • - Seyung-Hee Sohn (Dankook University)
[Abstract]
The changes in the 4th industrial revolution era are not limited to specific sectors, but affect all sectors of industry. Thus all companies are required to respond effectively to changes. Some companies response by adopting cutting-edge ICT and some companies improve the organizational structure, or enhance the competence of individual employees. This study is based on the assumption that the responses to the change in the 4th industrial revolution era should not be uniform, and that the response strategies and priorities should vary according to the characteristics of the companies. The purpose of this study is to suggest both different response strategies and the priority of the responding factors(areas) to small and medium-sized enterprises. Data were collected through the semi-Delphi method. As a result of data analysis, the priorities of the medium-sized enterprises were as follows: introduction of IT- strengthening the competence of the individuals - establishing technology infrastructure- improving organizational structure - efficiency of work - improving organizational culture. While the priorities of the response factors(area) of the small-sized companies were as follows: strengthening the competence of the individuals – efficiency of work – introduction of IT – establishing technology infrastructure – improving organizational structure – improving organizational culture.